Well, basically pacman is the store here.
What can't be found in the official repositories can usually be found in the AUR.
Note that Garuda includes the chaotic-aur repository, where many precompiled AUR packages can be found (installing from AUR entails compiling from sources, generally a good thing, but some packages are very heavy and time consuming to compile).
What isn't there yet, can be installed from AUR directly.
You'll probably want an "AUR helper" for that, for example, paru.
octopi, which I think is installed by default on KDE, is a good GUI package manager front-end for searching applications. Or pacseek in the terminal. Both make use of the AUR helper.
If you believe something is generally useful and should be in chaotic because it's hard to compile, you may try requesting it in "Everything about Chaotic-AUR packages".
Finally, AppImage packages are also an option.
I advise investing some time reading up about the topic.
pacman - ArchWiki
Arch User Repository - ArchWiki
AUR helpers - ArchWiki
https://appimage.org/
A word of caution, make sure to upgrade the system with the Garuda tools (not the GUI frontend or pacman -Syu) because they include extra sanity checks and take care of necessary "housekeeping" tasks.
That's either garuda-update in the terminal, or the Garuda Assistant.
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